KEHUJAHAN DALIL FATḤ AL-’AZĪZ OLEH AL-RĀFI’Ī: KAJIAN TERHADAP HADIS TERPILIH YANG DINILAI ḌA’ĪF OLEH IBN AL-MULAQQIN
The Evidential Authority of al-Rāfi‘ī’s Fatḥ al- ’Azīz: A Study of Selected Hadiths Classified as Ḍa‘īf by Ibn al-Mulaqqin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/fiqh.vol23no1.13Keywords:
Authenticity, Weak Ḥadīth, Shāfi’ī School, Fatḥ al-’Azīz, Ibn al-MulaqqinAbstract
The Shāfi’ī school of jurisprudence imposes strict conditions on the acceptance of weak ḥadīth as legal evidence. Notwithstanding, Ibn al-Mulaqqin declares that in a Shafiete masterpiece named Fatḥ al-’Azīz by al-Rāfi’i, approximately more than one-fifth of its hadith are weak. To clarify the matter, this study aims to accentuate examples of strengtheners which support the apparently weak ḥadīths, by focusing on 5 hadiths of the book. These hadiths, which were declared weak by Ibn al-Mulaqqin, are selected from Kitāb al-Ṭahārah to Kitāb al-Janā`iz. This study adopts a qualitative method as it employs library research for data collection, which is then interpreted through textual analysis. Within the analysis is the ascription of each sourced hadith (takhrīj). Finally, this study proves the presence of significant corroborating qarā’in such as corroboration of the chains of transmission, supports provided by testimonial narrations, the practice of jurists, and conformity with the meanings of sound ḥadīth which allow these ḥadīth to be applied in legal rulings according to al-Rāfi’ī’s approach. Indeed, all five hadiths are eligible to be upgraded to the status of ‘hasan li ghayrih’ (passable due to testimonial narration). This study is expected to contribute to a more balanced understanding of the methodology of legal istinbāṭ based on apparently weak ḥadīth and its implications for contemporary fiqh discourse and fatwa governance.
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